Abstract
Pain is a complex perceptual experience. The transmission of pain involves both peripheral
and central processes that can be modulated at many levels. Peripheral sensitization
causes increased afferent input to the spinal cord. Numerous receptors and ion channels
are involved. Physiological and anatomical changes within the nervous system are implicated
in the development of neuropathic and visceral pain states. The complexity of pain
transmission means there are many pharmacological targets and multimodal therapy is
required to optimize pain control.
Keywords
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Reference
- Clinical pain management – chronic pain.2nd edn. Arnold, 2008
Further reading
- Pain 2012: refresher courses, 14th World Congress on Pain.IASP Press, 2012
Article Info
Publication History
Royal College of Anaesthetists CPD matrix: 1A01, 1A02, 3E00
Identification
Copyright
© 2013 Elsevier Ltd. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
