Anaesthesia & intensive care medicine
Volume 9, Issue 1 , Pages 21-26 , January 2008

Techniques of opioid administration

References 

  1. Napp Pharmaceuticals Ltd, Data on file OX13201.
  2. Lugo RA, Kern SE. The pharmacokinetics of oxycodone. J Pain Palliat Care Pharmacother. 2004;18:17–30
  3. Macintyre PE, Ready LB. Acute pain management: a practical guide. 2 edn. London: WB Saunders; 2001;
  4. Miaskowski C. Patient-controlled modalities for acute postoperative pain management. J Perianesth Nurs. 2005;20:255–267
  5. Dale O, Hjortkjaer R, Kharasch ED. Nasal administration of opioids for pain management in adults. Acta Anaesthesiol Scand. 2002;46:759–770
  6. Alexander-Williams JM, Rowbotham DJ. Novel routes of opioid administration. Br J Anaesth. 1998;81:3–7
  7. Power I. Fentanyl HCI iontophoretic transdermal system (ITS): clinical application of iontophoretic technology in the management of acute postoperative pain. Br J Anaesth. 2007;98:4–11
  8. Grond S, Hall J, Spacek A, et al. Iontophoretic transdermal system using fentanyl compared with patient-controlled intravenous analgesia using morphine for postoperative pain management. Br J Anaesth. 2007;96:806–815

PII: S1472-0299(07)00261-5

doi: 10.1016/j.mpaic.2007.10.005

Anaesthesia & intensive care medicine
Volume 9, Issue 1 , Pages 21-26 , January 2008

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